A. School boards shall expel from school attendance any student whom such school board has determined, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this article, to have brought a controlled substance, imitation controlled substance, or marijuana as defined in § 18.2-247 onto school property or to a school-sponsored activity. A school administrator, pursuant to school board policy, or a school board may, however, determine, based on the facts of a particular situation, that special circumstances exist and no disciplinary action or another disciplinary action or another term of expulsion is appropriate. A school board may, by regulation, authorize the division superintendent or his designee to conduct a preliminary review of such cases to determine whether a disciplinary action other than expulsion is appropriate. Such regulations shall ensure that, if a determination is made that another disciplinary action is appropriate, any such subsequent disciplinary action is to be taken in accordance with the procedures set forth in this article. Nothing in this section shall be construed to require a student's expulsion regardless of the facts of the particular situation. B. Each school board shall revise its Standard of student conduct to incorporate the requirements of this section no later than three months after the date on which this act becomes effective.

A. A school board may, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this article, require any student who has been (i) charged with an offense relating to the Commonwealth's laws, or with a violation of school board policies, on weapons, alcohol or drugs, or intentional injury to another person, or with an offense that is required to be disclosed to the superintendent of the school division pursuant to subsection G of § 16.1-260; (ii) found guilty or not innocent of an offense relating to the Commonwealth's laws on weapons, alcohol, or drugs, or of a crime that resulted in or could have resulted in injury to others, or of an offense that is required to be disclosed to the superintendent of the school division pursuant to subsection G of § 16.1-260; (iii) found to have committed a serious offense or repeated offenses in violation of school board policies; (iv) suspended pursuant to § 22.1-277.05; or (v) expelled pursuant to § 22.1-277.06, 22.1-277.07, or 22.1-277.08, or subsection C of § 22.1-277, to attend an alternative education program. A school board may require such student to attend such programs regardless of where the crime occurred. School boards may require any student who has been found, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this article, to have been in possession of, or under the influence of, drugs or alcohol on a school bus, on school property, or at a school-sponsored activity in violation of school board policies, to undergo evaluation for drug or alcohol abuse, or both, and, if recommended by the evaluator and with the consent of the student's parent, to participate in a treatment program.

A. The Board of Education shall establish guidelines and develop model policies for codes of student conduct to aid local school boards in the implementation of such policies. The guidelines and model policies shall include (i) criteria for the removal of a student from a class, the use of suspension, expulsion, and exclusion as disciplinary measures, the grounds for suspension and expulsion and exclusion, and the procedures to be followed in such cases, including proceedings for such suspension, expulsion, and exclusion decisions and all applicable appeals processes; (ii) Standard, consistent with state, federal and case laws, for school board policies on alcohol and drugs, gang-related activity, hazing, vandalism, trespassing, threats, search and seizure, disciplining of students with disabilities, intentional injury of others, self-defense, bullying, the use of electronic means for purposes of bullying, harassment, and intimidation, and dissemination of such policies to students, their parents, and school personnel; (iii) Standard for in-service training of school personnel in and examples of the appropriate management of student conduct and student offenses in violation of school board policies; (iv) Standard for dress or grooming codes; and (v) Standard for reducing bias and harassment in the enforcement of any code of student conduct. [...] In accordance with the most recent enunciation of constitutional principles by the Supreme Court of the United States of America, the Board's Standard for school board policies on alcohol and drugs and search and seizure shall include guidance for procedures relating to voluntary and mandatory drug testing in schools, including which groups may be tested, use of test results, confidentiality of test information, privacy considerations, consent to the testing, need to know, and release of the test results to the appropriate school authority.

The Board of Education recognizes that the illegal and inappropriate use of certain substances constitutes a hazard to the development of students. Elementary and secondary schools shall include in the health education program instruction in drugs and drug abuse. Therefore, the public schools of the Commonwealth shall:

1. Be concerned with education and prevention in all areas of substance use and abuse.
2. Establish and maintain a realistic, meaningful substance abuse prevention and education program that shall be developed and incorporated in the total education program.
3. Establish and maintain an ongoing in-service substance abuse prevention program for all school personnel.
4. Cooperate with government and approved private agencies involved with health of students relating to the abuse of substances.
5. Encourage and support pupil-run organizations and activities that will develop a positive peer influence in the area of substance abuse.
6. Create a climate whereby students may seek and receive counseling about substance abuse and related problems without fear of reprisal.

The principal of each public school shall collect and maintain information on the following events which occur on school property, on a school bus, or at a school-sponsored activity, and shall report the information semi-annually to the division superintendent on dates established by the superintendent. The division superintendent shall submit annually to the Department of Education, on forms provided by the department, an aggregate report of such incidents on or before the last day of October.

1. Incidences of crime and violence.
   • a. Physical battery.
   • (1) On school personnel by students.
   • (2) On students by students.
   • (3) On students by persons other than students.
   • b. Sexual battery.
   • (1) On school personnel by students.
   • (2) On students by students.
   • (3) On students by persons other than students.
   • c. Homicides.
   • (1) On school personnel by students.
   • (2) On students by students.
   • (3) On students by persons other than students.
   • d. Possession of weapons.
   • e. Possession of alcohol.
   • f. Possession of drugs.
   • g. Possession of tobacco products.